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: A shortened 21-item version that provides similar results with less effort for the respondent. 2. The Three Subscales

Given that the DASS-21 is faster, why do clinical psychologists still demand the ? dass - 393

Respondents rate items on a 4-point Likert scale from 0 ("did not apply to me at all") to 3 ("applied to me very much"). For the DASS-21, scores for each subscale are doubled to match the scoring range of the DASS-42. Severity Level Depression Score Anxiety Score Stress Score Mild Moderate Severe Extremely Severe : A shortened 21-item version that provides similar

(a short version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale) to quantify depressive symptoms. Longitudinal Analysis dass - 393

: Assessed levels of irritability, impatience, and difficulty relaxing (chronic non-specific arousal). 3. Application and Reliability